Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

19.1K
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
19.1K
Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature02:54

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

27.0K
In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
27.0K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

12.6K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
12.6K
Equations of Motion: Rectangular Coordinates and Cylindrical Coordinates01:21

Equations of Motion: Rectangular Coordinates and Cylindrical Coordinates

786
Understanding the motion of particles is a fundamental aspect of classical mechanics, and the choice of the coordinate system plays a pivotal role in unraveling the complexities of their dynamics.
When a particle moves relative to an inertial frame, the equations of motion can be expressed using rectangular components. If the motion is confined to the x-y plane, the equations having the x and y coordinates only can be used to simplify the mathematical representation.
However, when particles...
786
Coordinate Plane01:21

Coordinate Plane

399
The Cartesian coordinate plane is a fundamental structure in mathematics that enables the visualization of relationships between numerical values in two dimensions. It is formed by two intersecting number lines: a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis. These axes meet at the origin, the point where both values are zero. Their intersection divides the plane into four quadrants labeled in a counterclockwise direction starting from the upper right.An ordered pair of numbers represents every...
399
Polar Coordinates01:24

Polar Coordinates

387
The polar coordinate system offers an alternative to the Cartesian coordinate system for specifying points in a plane, using a distance and an angle instead of x and y coordinates. This system is particularly advantageous in situations involving circular or rotational symmetry, such as in physics or engineering problems involving waves, oscillations, or orbital paths.Defining Polar CoordinatesIn polar coordinates, a point is represented as P(r, ��), where r is the radial distance...
387

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Isolation of postnatal human neural stem cells.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Development of an Educational Curriculum for the Surgical Implantation of DBS Systems.

Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society·2026
Same author

Decompression with or without Duraplasty for Chiari I and Syringomyelia.

The New England journal of medicine·2026
Same author

Laser interstitial thermal therapy for refractory epilepsy in children under 2 years: A single-center case series and review of the literature.

Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape·2026
Same author

Comparison of neuropsychological side effects between contemporary radiofrequency ablative neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders and conventional neurosurgical procedures: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry·2026
Same author

Framework for Approaching Patients with Suboptimal Deep Brain Stimulation Therapy Response despite Stimulation Optimization.

Movement disorders clinical practice·2026
Same journal

Extent of resection as an independent predictor of survival for patients with glioblastoma as defined by the new WHO 2021 classification.

Journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Surgical treatment of schwannomas around the tarsal tunnel: a case series of 40 patients and systematic review of the literature.

Journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Direct targeting for focused ultrasound thalamotomy in the treatment of movement disorders.

Journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Development and internal validation of the Meningioma Functional Outcome Risk and Counseling Estimator 6 score, a point-based prognostic tool for predicting 6-week functional independence after intracranial meningioma resection.

Journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Connectional anatomy of the cerebellum: dentate nucleus and cerebellar peduncles from a surgical perspective.

Journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

Press releases in neurosurgery: is scientific accuracy compromised in public reporting of neurosurgery research?

Journal of neurosurgery·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
11:29

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

Published on: August 15, 2025

2.5K

A novel mesial temporal stereotactic coordinate system.

Kai J Miller1, Casey H Halpern1, Mark F Sedrak1,2

  • 11Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford; and.

Journal of Neurosurgery
|January 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new stereotactic coordinate system for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy surgery standardizes targeting for laser ablation and neurostimulator placement. This system improves surgical planning and outcome assessment for epilepsy treatment.

Keywords:
AC-PC = anterior commissure–posterior commissureCA4 = cornu ammonis area 4RNS = responsive neurostimulatorSLAH = stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomyamygdalaepilepsyhippocampusresponsive neurostimulationstereotactic laser ablationstereotaxysurgical technique

More Related Videos

Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain
09:29

Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain

Published on: October 11, 2017

12.2K
Adaptable Angled Stereotactic Approach for Versatile Neuroscience Techniques
06:21

Adaptable Angled Stereotactic Approach for Versatile Neuroscience Techniques

Published on: May 7, 2020

5.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
11:29

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

Published on: August 15, 2025

2.5K
Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain
09:29

Stereotactically-guided Ablation of the Rat Auditory Cortex, and Localization of the Lesion in the Brain

Published on: October 11, 2017

12.2K
Adaptable Angled Stereotactic Approach for Versatile Neuroscience Techniques
06:21

Adaptable Angled Stereotactic Approach for Versatile Neuroscience Techniques

Published on: May 7, 2020

5.8K

Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Epilepsy Research

Background:

  • Stereotactic laser ablation and neurostimulator placement are advancing epilepsy surgery.
  • Standardized outcome measures are needed to compare surgical targets with seizure reduction.
  • Current targeting methods lack a standardized system for mesial temporal epilepsy surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and present a novel stereotactic coordinate system for mesial temporal epilepsy surgery.
  • To facilitate planning and outcome delineation for laser ablation and neurostimulation.
  • To standardize the assessment of surgical interventions in the mesial temporal lobe.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel stereotactic coordinate system based on hippocampal anatomical landmarks.
  • Utilized the interface of cornu ammonis area 4 and dentate gyrus as a natural hippocampal axis.
  • Incorporated the uncal recess of the lateral ventricle for anterior-posterior extent characterization.
  • Quantified volumetric rotations for alignment with the anterior commissure-posterior commissure (AC-PC) space and hippocampal axis.

Main Results:

  • A customized MATLAB software was developed for intuitive targeting and interpretation.
  • The angle between the AC-PC line and the hippocampal axis was determined (approx. 20°-30° sagittally, 5°-10° axially).
  • CT and MRI data can be used to identify electrode placement and laser ablation geometry within this system.

Conclusions:

  • Introduced a mesial temporal stereotactic system to aid operative planning.
  • This system aims to enhance surgical outcomes in epilepsy treatment.
  • Facilitates standardized outcome assessment for stereotactic surgery targeting mesial temporal epilepsy.