[X‑ray Phase Contrast : Principles, potential and advances in clinical translation].

Area of Science:

• Medical Imaging
• Physics
• Radiography

Background:

• X-rays exhibit both particle and wave characteristics, a phenomenon discovered over a century ago.
• While the wave nature of X-rays is utilized in basic research like crystallography, its application in medical imaging has been limited.
• Recent technological advancements in preclinical research have enabled the use of X-ray wave properties for medical imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe the fundamental principles behind novel X-ray imaging techniques: phase-contrast and dark-field imaging.
• To summarize preclinical research findings for these advanced imaging methods across various organs.
• To explore the potential clinical applications of these techniques in radiography and computed tomography.

Main Methods:

• Exploration of the wave-based properties of X-ray light.
• Development and application of phase-contrast and dark-field imaging techniques.
• Review of preclinical research data and case studies.

Main Results:

• Demonstration of significant technological progress in preclinical X-ray imaging over the last decade.
• Successful application of X-ray wave properties in novel imaging modalities.
• Evidence of great potential for improved X-ray imaging and disease diagnosis.

Conclusions:

• Phase-contrast and dark-field imaging represent a significant advancement in X-ray imaging technology.
• These novel techniques hold promise for enhancing diagnostic capabilities in radiography and computed tomography.
• Further clinical utilization of these wave-based X-ray imaging methods is anticipated for improved disease diagnosis.