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Dietary Patterns and Fractures Risk in the Elderly
Carmela Colica1, Elisa Mazza2, Yvelise Ferro2
1Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, CNR, Organizational Support Unit, University Magna Grecia, Catanzaro, Italy.
Frontiers in Endocrinology
|January 30, 2018
Summary
Specific dietary patterns in the elderly are linked to better bone health. High intake of grains, fish, and olive oil (pattern 1) improved bone density and reduced fractures, while legumes and wine (pattern 5) decreased fracture risk.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Nutritional Science
- Bone Health Research
Background:
- Dietary factors significantly influence bone loss and fracture risk in the elderly.
- Limited research has explored the association between specific dietary patterns and overall bone density.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and whole-body bone mineral density (WB-BMD) in older adults.
- To examine the association of dietary patterns with fractures and multiple fractures in the elderly population.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 177 individuals aged 65 years and above.
- Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry.
- Dietary patterns were identified through dietary intake assessment and principal component analysis.
Main Results:
- Three dietary patterns showed a correlation with whole-body bone density.
- Higher adherence to pattern 1 (grains, fish, olive oil) and pattern 2 was significantly associated with increased WB-BMD.
- Adherence to pattern 5 (legumes, wine) was linked to reduced odds of fractures, and pattern 1 was negatively associated with multiple fractures.
Conclusions:
- Dietary pattern 1, characterized by high intake of grains, fish, and olive oil, is associated with higher BMD and fewer fractures in the elderly.
- Dietary pattern 5, rich in legumes and wine, is associated with a decreased likelihood of experiencing fractures.
- These findings suggest that specific dietary patterns possess bone-preserving properties beneficial for older adults.
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