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Quantum-Limited Directional Amplifiers with Optomechanics.

Daniel Malz1, László D Tóth2, Nathan R Bernier2

  • 1Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|January 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary

We developed novel directional amplifiers for quantum information processing. These electromechanical devices minimize noise and offer tunable bandwidth, advancing microwave signal amplification.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Electromechanical Systems
  • Microwave Engineering

Background:

  • Directional amplifiers are crucial for protecting quantum systems from noise in quantum information processing.
  • Existing amplifiers face limitations in noise suppression and bandwidth control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and analyze phase-preserving and phase-sensitive directional amplifiers for microwave signals.
  • To investigate their performance limits, including added noise and bandwidth.
  • To explore methods for suppressing thermal noise in the reverse direction.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a quantum electromechanical setup with two microwave cavities and two mechanical resonators.
  • Theoretical derivation of amplifier characteristics, including noise, bandwidth, and gain-bandwidth product.
  • Analysis of thermal noise emission and suppression strategies.

Main Results:

  • Both phase-preserving and phase-sensitive directional amplifiers achieve quantum limits on added noise.
  • Isolation bandwidth is proportional to the mechanical linewidth divided by amplitude gain.
  • The phase-sensitive amplifier demonstrates an unlimited gain-bandwidth product.
  • Thermal noise in the reverse direction originates from mechanical resonators and can be suppressed.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed electromechanical directional amplifiers represent a significant advancement for quantum technologies.
  • Achieving quantum-limited noise performance and tunable bandwidth is crucial for practical applications.
  • The unlimited gain-bandwidth product of the phase-sensitive amplifier offers unique advantages.
  • On-chip integration of nonreciprocal microwave amplifiers is a key future direction.