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Thermal Dark Matter Below a MeV.

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores light thermal dark matter (DM) interacting with the standard model. Such interactions alleviate constraints, allowing for sub-MeV DM compatible with observations and motivating new experimental searches.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • Constraints on dark matter (DM) properties are crucial for understanding the universe.
  • The effective number of neutrino species provides a key probe of new relativistic particles during Big Bang nucleosynthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a class of models where thermal dark matter is lighter than a MeV.
  • To explore the implications of dark matter thermalizing with the standard model before neutrino-photon decoupling.
  • To demonstrate a specific model compatible with cosmological and astrophysical observations.

Main Methods:

  • Consideration of thermal dark matter models lighter than 1 MeV.
  • Analysis of dark matter-standard model thermalization below the neutrino-photon decoupling temperature.
  • Demonstration using a model with fermionic dark matter and a light scalar mediator.

Main Results:

  • Thermal dark matter lighter than MeV can equilibrate and freeze-out with the standard model.
  • This process leads to comparable cooling and heating of the standard model bath.
  • Alleviates constraints from the effective number of neutrino species measurements.
  • Thermal dark matter as light as a few keV is compatible with cosmological and astrophysical data.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework supports the existence of sub-MeV thermal dark matter.
  • This research motivates the development of new experiments for direct detection of light dark matter and light force carriers.