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Related Concept Videos

Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
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Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
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Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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Phase Transitions

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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

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Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
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Silicon carbide nanomaterial as a coating for solid-phase microextraction.

Yu Tian1, Juanjuan Feng1, Xiuqin Wang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, P. R. China.

Journal of Separation Science
|January 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Silicon carbide coatings on stainless-steel wire offer effective solid-phase microextraction for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. This method demonstrates wide linear ranges and low detection limits for environmental sample analysis.

Keywords:
environmental analysisgas chromatographypolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonssilicon carbidesolid-phase microextraction

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Silicon carbide (SiC) possesses superior properties like corrosion and oxidation resistance.
  • These properties make SiC a promising material for advanced analytical applications.
  • Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a widely used technique for sample preparation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel solid-phase microextraction coating using silicon carbide.
  • To establish an analytical method for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
  • To evaluate the performance and applicability of the SiC-based SPME method.

Main Methods:

  • Coating stainless-steel wire with silicon carbide to create a SPME fiber.
  • Optimization of extraction parameters using gas chromatography (GC).
  • Analysis of real-world samples including rainwater and cigarette ash solutions.

Main Results:

  • The developed analytical method exhibited wide linear ranges (0.01–30 μg/L) and high correlation coefficients (0.9922–0.9966).
  • Low limits of detection (0.003–0.03 μg/L) were achieved, indicating high sensitivity.
  • Successful application in the analysis of PAHs in complex environmental samples.

Conclusions:

  • Silicon carbide is an effective material for developing SPME coatings.
  • The SiC-based SPME method provides a sensitive and reliable approach for PAH analysis.
  • This technique shows excellent potential for practical applications in environmental monitoring.