Simultaneous Determination of Dechlorane-Related Compounds in Fish Muscle by Microwave-Assisted Extraction Combined...

A robust and efficient analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight dechlorane-related compounds in fish muscle using microwave-assisted extraction combined with enhanced matrix removal for lipids cleanup and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method enables effective extraction of hydrophobic analytes from lipid-rich matrices and efficient removal of co-extracted lipids, resulting in improved analytical performance in terms of recovery and reproducibility. Under optimized conditions, the method exhibited good linearity (R² = 0.9976-0.9997), low detection limits (method detection limits: 0.021-0.078 ng/g; limits of quantification: 0.067-0.248 ng/g), and satisfactory recoveries (77.6%-90.1%) with satisfactory precision (relative standard deviations: 2.9%-8.5%). Matrix effects were effectively controlled using matrix-matched calibration combined with isotope-labeled internal standards. The method was successfully applied to real fish samples, demonstrating reliable quantification of trace-level dechloranes. Owing to its simplified workflow and improved throughput, the proposed method provides a practical and reliable approach for the routine analysis of dechloranes in high-lipid biological matrices.