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Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors
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1024-Pixel CMOS Multimodality Joint Cellular Sensor/Stimulator Array for Real-Time Holistic Cellular Characterization

Jong Seok Park, Moez Karim Aziz, Sensen Li

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    This study introduces a 1024-pixel CMOS sensor array for real-time cell analysis and drug screening. The device enables simultaneous electrical, optical, and impedance measurements for comprehensive cellular characterization.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Microtechnology
    • Cellular Biology

    Background:

    • Holistic cellular characterization is crucial for understanding cell behavior and drug responses.
    • Existing methods often lack the integration and real-time capabilities needed for comprehensive analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a novel, fully integrated CMOS multimodality sensor/stimulator array for advanced cellular studies.
    • To enable real-time, simultaneous measurement of multiple cellular parameters for drug screening and characterization.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a 1024-pixel CMOS array with integrated electrodes, photodiodes, and in-pixel circuits.
    • Fabrication using a standard 130-nm CMOS process.
    • On-chip culture of rat cardiomyocytes for testing.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstration of simultaneous extracellular potential recording, optical detection, current stimulation, and impedance measurement.
    • Successful real-time tracking of cardiomyocyte beating patterns and rates using optical detection.
    • High-resolution imaging and characterization of cellular responses.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed multimodality sensor array offers a powerful platform for holistic cell characterization.
    • This technology significantly advances capabilities in real-time drug screening and cellular analysis.