Epidemiology and Pattern of Traumatic Brain Injury in a Developing Country Regional Trauma Center

To determine the epidemiological aspects of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a regional trauma center.

A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with TBI during 2013 to 2016 in a single center in Hamedan, central Iran. The distribution and relationships of TBI was assessed with gender, age, type of trauma, traumatic cause, exiting status and Length of Hospitalization (LOH). Data were analyzed by Stata V11 statistical software.

In general, 9426 patients with TBI were enrolled in analyses. The mean ± SD age of patients was 29.70 (± 21.46) years. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that being male [OR: 1.29; 95% CI (2.92-4.73), P ≤0.001], 41-50 to 71-80 and 90+ years old' age groups (1.32p≤0.001), having surgery [OR: 5.58; 95% CI (4.89-6.37), p≤0.001], and different types of trauma (p≤0.001) were significantly related to LOH. Moreover, odds ratio of mortality was 1.52 times greater in males than females (p≤0.001). As the age increases, the odds ratio of mortality was also rising. However, having surgery [OR: 3.72; 95% CI (2.92-4.73), p≤0.001], LOH >5 days [OR: 2.01; 95% CI (1.60-2.52), p≤0.001] and different types of trauma were significantly related to mortality.

TBI is one of the main causes of mortality and LOH of the young population. By providing preventive measures and a traumatic care system, the burden of trauma can be greatly reduced, the implementation of the trauma care system in Hamedan province is a necessity.