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Related Experiment Videos

Cellulose synthase 'class specific regions' are intrinsically disordered and functionally undifferentiated.

Tess R Scavuzzo-Duggan1, Arielle M Chaves1, Abhishek Singh2

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, 120 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology
|January 31, 2018
PubMed
Summary

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Plant cellulose synthases (CESAs) evolved distinct functional classes separately in mosses and seed plants. The class-specific region (CSR) doesn't determine this functional specificity, suggesting other roles in cellulose synthesis.

Area of Science:

  • Plant biology
  • Molecular evolution
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cellulose synthases (CESAs) are key enzymes forming plant cell walls.
  • CESA isoforms in seed plants form distinct, non-interchangeable functional clades.
  • A conserved 'class specific region' (CSR) was hypothesized to confer CESA class specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate CESA isoform specificity and evolution in the moss Physcomitrella patens.
  • Determine the role of the CSR in functional CESA class specificity.
  • Gain evolutionary insights into cellulose synthesis complex (CSC) structure and function.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotypic analysis of Physcomitrella patens knockout lines.
  • Complementation assays using chimeric CESA genes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Sequence analysis and computational modeling of CESA proteins.

    • Main Results:

    • Physcomitrella patens possesses two functionally distinct CESA classes, separate from seed plant clades.
    • Functional CESA class specificity is not determined by the CSR in mosses.
    • The CSR is intrinsically disordered and may be involved in CESA oligomerization.

    Conclusions:

    • Non-interchangeable CESA classes evolved independently in mosses and seed plants.
    • The CSR's sequence divergence likely evolved without direct selection for class-specific function.
    • The CSR may play a role in CESA complex assembly or regulation.