Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

95.5K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.5K
Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

14.1K
Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
14.1K
Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?01:17

Hypothesis: Accept or Fail to Reject?

29.6K
The outcome of any hypothesis testing leads to rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. This decision is taken based on the analysis of the data, an appropriate test statistic, an appropriate confidence level, the critical values, and P-values. However, when the evidence suggests that the null hypothesis cannot be rejected, is it right to say, 'Accept' the null hypothesis?
There are two ways to indicate that the null hypothesis is not rejected. 'Accept' the null...
29.6K
Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction01:24

Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction

1.5K
Generalization, discrimination, and extinction are key concepts in operant conditioning that influence how behaviors are learned and maintained.
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...
1.5K
Distribution Reliability and Automation01:25

Distribution Reliability and Automation

521
Distribution reliability in electrical power systems is critical for ensuring an uninterrupted power supply to consumers at minimal cost. According to IEEE Standard Terms, reliability is the probability that a device will function without failure over a specified time period or amount of usage. For electric power distribution, this translates to maintaining continuous power supply and addressing customer concerns over power outages. Several indices, as defined by IEEE Standard 1366-2012, are...
521
Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

17.8K
Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
17.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ethnic differences in specialty destinations in UK medicine: a repeated cross-sectional analysis of secondary data.

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine·2026
Same author

Exploring student perceptions of integrating mixed reality with cadaveric teaching in undergraduate neuroanatomy education: A qualitative study.

Anatomical sciences education·2026
Same author

Validity of constructed-response situational judgement tests in health professions education: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Medical education·2026
Same author

Dual case insights shaping a new protocol for post-menopausal hirsutism.

JCEM case reports·2026
Same author

Postpartum OGTT Non-Adherence in Regional and Rural Australia: A Longitudinal Study.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2026
Same author

Visualizing pathology: The development of a narrated video autopsy for medical students.

Academic pathology·2026
Same journal

When I say … 'in situ simulation'.

Medical education·2026
Same journal

Examiner training and calibration for simulated clinical examinations: A scoping review.

Medical education·2026
Same journal

When systems set the limits of supervision.

Medical education·2026
Same journal

From psychometrics to partnerships: Broadening what counts as validity evidence.

Medical education·2026
Same journal

When I say the clinical digital divide.

Medical education·2026
Same journal

Urology education under fire: Quantitative benchmarking of trainer adaptation and competency preservation in wartime Sudan.

Medical education·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice
06:41

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice

Published on: May 5, 2015

18.9K

Very-short-answer questions: reliability, discrimination and acceptability.

Amir H Sam1,2, Samantha M Field1, Carlos F Collares3

  • 1Medical Education Research Unit, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Medical Education
|February 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Very-short-answer questions (VSAQs) offer higher reliability and validity in medical education assessments compared to single-best-answer questions (SBAQs). VSAQs are perceived as more authentic by students, despite being more difficult.

More Related Videos

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice
09:33

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice

Published on: March 22, 2018

9.2K
Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
10:05

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia

Published on: January 27, 2018

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 15, 2026

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice
06:41

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice

Published on: May 5, 2015

18.9K
An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice
09:33

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice

Published on: March 22, 2018

9.2K
Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
10:05

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia

Published on: January 27, 2018

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education Assessment
  • Educational Measurement
  • Psychometrics in Health Professions Education

Background:

  • Single-best-answer questions (SBAQs) are widely used but criticized for cueing.
  • A novel assessment tool for open-ended very-short-answer questions (VSAQs) was developed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Compare VSAQs and SBAQs on reliability, discrimination, and student performance.
  • Evaluate the acceptability and authenticity of VSAQs.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized controlled trial with medical students (n=299) comparing VSAQ and SBAQ formats.
  • Computer-marked VSAQs reviewed by examiners; item response theory used for SEM estimation.

Main Results:

  • VSAQs demonstrated high reliability (alpha: 0.91) and significantly lower SEM than SBAQs.
  • VSAQs had higher discrimination (point biserial correlations) and lower mean scores than SBAQs.
  • Students found VSAQs more difficult but more authentic; SBAQs showed significant cueing.

Conclusions:

  • VSAQ format exhibits high reliability and discrimination, with greater perceived authenticity.
  • VSAQs offer a higher degree of validity in medical education assessment compared to SBAQs.
  • The VSAQ format presents a promising alternative to traditional SBAQs.