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The individual time trial as an optimal control problem.
Jenny de Jong1, Robbert Fokkink2, Geert Jan Olsder2
1Utrecht University, Faculty of Mathematics, The Netherlands.
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part P, Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology
|February 2, 2018
Summary
Optimal cycling time trial strategy requires balancing anaerobic and aerobic power. Riders should use high anaerobic power initially, then sustain a slightly higher-than-aerobic power to minimize race time.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Biomechanics
- Applied Mathematics
Background:
- Cycling time trials demand strategic power output for optimal performance.
- The problem of minimizing time is mathematically framed as an optimal control problem.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the optimal power distribution strategy for cyclists in a time trial.
- To analyze the influence of course geometry on optimal pacing.
Main Methods:
- Mathematical modeling of optimal control.
- Analysis of power output dynamics in cycling.
Main Results:
- The optimal strategy involves an initial high anaerobic power burst.
- A sustained power output slightly above the aerobic threshold is required.
- Cornering speed is a critical factor on non-straight courses.
Conclusions:
- Effective time trial pacing necessitates a combination of anaerobic and aerobic energy systems.
- Course characteristics, particularly bends, significantly impact optimal speed and power management.
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