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Recombinant type Human mastadenovirus D85 associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis since 2015 in Japan

Shintaro Hashimoto1, Gabriel Gonzalez2, Seiya Harada1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Kumamoto Prefectural Institute of Public-Health and Environmental Science, Kumamoto, Japan.

Journal of Medical Virology
|February 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

A new recombinant human mastadenovirus (HAdV) type 85 caused adenoviral conjunctivitis in Japan. This emerging HAdV-85 strain, identified in epidemic keratoconjunctivitis cases, may be a significant public health concern.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Adenoviral conjunctivitis, including epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), is a common ocular infection.
  • Human mastadenovirus (HAdV) types 53 and 64 have been prevalent causes of EKC in Japan.
  • Surveillance for novel HAdV strains is crucial for understanding disease epidemiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the emergence of a novel recombinant HAdV type, designated HAdV-85.
  • To characterize the genomic and clinical features of HAdV-85.
  • To investigate the role of HAdV-85 in adenoviral conjunctivitis outbreaks in Japan.

Main Methods:

  • Detection and identification of HAdV strains from conjunctivitis cases in Japan.
  • Whole genome sequencing of the novel HAdV-85.
  • Phylogenetic analysis comparing HAdV-85 to known HAdV types.
  • Retrospective analysis of conjunctivitis cases in Kumamoto city.

Main Results:

  • A new recombinant HAdV type, HAdV-85, was identified in Japan.
  • HAdV-85 possesses a unique combination of penton base (HAdV-37), hexon (HAdV-19), and fiber (HAdV-8) genes.
  • Phylogenetic analysis suggests HAdV-85 originated from recombination between HAdV-53 and HAdV-64.
  • HAdV-85 was identified in 11 cases of adenoviral conjunctivitis between 2015 and 2016 in Kumamoto city.

Conclusions:

  • HAdV-85 is an emerging recombinant virus causing adenoviral conjunctivitis in Japan.
  • The genomic characteristics of HAdV-85 indicate a potential for rapid evolution and spread.
  • Continued monitoring of HAdV strains is necessary to track the emergence and impact of new viral types.
Keywords:
adenovirusconjunctivarecombinant virus

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