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Exercise increases circulating GDF15 in humans.

Maximilian Kleinert1, Christoffer Clemmensen2, Kim A Sjøberg3

  • 1Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.

Molecular Metabolism
|February 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Exercise significantly elevates growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) levels in the blood, but skeletal muscle does not appear to be the primary source of this increase in humans.

Keywords:
Growth differentiation factor 15Physical activityRecoverySkeletal muscle

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Metabolic regulation
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a stress-responsive cytokine influencing systemic energy balance.
  • Exercise is a physiological stress with broad effects on energy metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of exercise on circulating GDF15 levels in humans.
  • To determine if skeletal muscle contributes to GDF15 release during exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Seven healthy males underwent a 1-hour exercise session at 67% VO2max.
  • Blood samples were collected from the femoral artery and vein pre-, during, and post-exercise.
  • Plasma GDF15 concentrations were measured.

Main Results:

  • Plasma GDF15 increased by 34% during exercise and 64% post-exercise compared to rest.
  • No significant difference was observed between arterial and venous GDF15 concentrations.
  • GDF15 levels remained unchanged during a resting control trial.

Conclusions:

  • Vigorous submaximal exercise leads to a marked increase in circulating GDF15 in humans.
  • Skeletal muscle is unlikely to be the primary source of exercise-induced GDF15 release.