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Related Concept Videos

Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

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Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
988
Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel01:27

Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel

876
Trapezoidal channels are widely used in irrigation systems due to their cost-effectiveness and efficiency in conveying water. Trapezoidal channels feature a flat bottom and sloping sides, making them stable and easier to construct compared to other shapes. The bottom width and side slope ratio are determined based on the required flow capacity and site conditions. The side slope is kept gentle for unlined channels to prevent soil erosion.Hydraulic parameters in channel design include the flow...
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Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

18.2K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
18.2K
Strength and Heat of Hydration01:29

Strength and Heat of Hydration

738
The hydration of cement is an exothermic reaction in which heat is generated as cement hydrates. This heat of hydration is critical to cement's strength development. The rate at which this heat is generated affects the temperature rise, with a majority of the heat being released early in the hydration process, half within the first three days, and about 75% within the first week.
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
738
Acid-Catalyzed Hydration of Alkenes02:45

Acid-Catalyzed Hydration of Alkenes

17.6K
Alkenes react with water in the presence of an acid to form an alcohol. In the absence of acid, hydration of alkenes does not occur at a significant rate, and the acid is not consumed in the reaction. Therefore, alkene hydration is an acid-catalyzed reaction.
17.6K
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration02:34

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration

9.7K
The rate of acid-catalyzed hydration of alkenes depends on the alkene's structure, as the presence of alkyl substituents at the double bond can significantly influence the rate.
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Related Experiment Video

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Single Port Donor Nephrectomy
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Irrigation port hydration in phacoemulsification surgery.

Hisaharu Suzuki1, Yoichiro Masuda2, Yuki Hamajima1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Nippon Medical School Musashikosugi Hospital, Kawasaki City, Kanagawa.

Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)
|February 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A new hydration using irrigation port (HYUIP) technique effectively prevents anterior chamber collapse during cataract surgery. This method reduces the need for conventional hydration, improving surgical outcomes.

Keywords:
cataract surgeryhydrationirrigation and aspirationphacoemulsificationself-sealingwound

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Surgical Techniques

Background:

  • Corneal hydration is typically done via needle injection, which can be problematic.
  • Effective stromal hydration is crucial for stable anterior chamber during cataract surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel technique for corneal stromal hydration during cataract surgery using an irrigation port.

Main Methods:

  • The hydration using irrigation port (HYUIP) technique involves using the irrigation port to create stromal edema, sealing the incision.
  • A randomized study compared 30 eyes using HYUIP with 30 control eyes, assessing anterior chamber collapse, need for hydration, and wound sealing.

Main Results:

  • The HYUIP group showed significantly less anterior chamber collapse and reduced need for conventional hydration compared to the control group.
  • No significant difference in self-sealing wound completion was noted between the HYUIP and control groups.

Conclusions:

  • The HYUIP technique is effective in preventing anterior chamber collapse during cataract surgery.
  • This method offers a viable alternative for achieving wound hydration and stability.