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Soft solids develop creases under compression, a nonlinear instability distinct from buckling. This study analytically predicts crease nucleation thresholds, matching experimental and numerical results.

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Area of Science:

  • Solid mechanics
  • Material science
  • Nonlinear elasticity

Background:

  • Soft solids exhibit creases (self-contacting folds) under large compression.
  • Creasing is a nonlinear material instability, distinct from elastic instabilities like buckling or wrinkling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide theoretical insights into the physics of crease nucleation in soft solids.
  • To analytically predict the nucleation threshold for creasing.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of nonlinear material instability.
  • Global bifurcation analysis to identify co-existing deformation states.
  • Matched asymptotic solution in the intermediate region.

Main Results:

  • Creasing occurs via a global bifurcation, allowing co-existing outer and inner solutions.
  • Analytic prediction of the crease nucleation threshold shows excellent agreement with experiments and simulations.
  • Derived analytic expressions for the matched asymptotic solution and its validity range.

Conclusions:

  • Crease nucleation in soft solids is a fully nonlinear phenomenon akin to phase transformation.
  • The study provides a fundamental analytic prediction for crease nucleation thresholds.
  • Self-contact plays a crucial role, analogous to disturbances in fluid dynamics solutions.