[Pathophysiology of tremor].

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neuroscience
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Tremor is a rhythmic body movement impairing coordinated actions.
• It can be a symptom (e.g., Parkinson's disease resting tremor) or a primary condition (e.g., essential, orthostatic tremor).
• Cerebral, spinal, and muscular mechanisms are crucial in tremor development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advances in understanding tremor pathophysiology.
• To discuss new imaging and electrophysiological findings.
• To explore evolving pathophysiological models of tremor.

Main Methods:

• Review of new imaging studies.
• Analysis of electrophysiological studies.
• Discussion of established and emerging pathophysiological models.

Main Results:

• Pathophysiology understanding has advanced significantly.
• Models evolved from localized generators to network perspectives.
• Tremor arises and spreads through brain networks.

Conclusions:

• New insights into tremor pathophysiology are emerging.
• Network-based models are increasingly important.
• Translational approaches may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for tremor.