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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
Published on: September 11, 2021
Paraprofessional-Delivered Video Prompting to Teach Academics to Students with Severe Disabilities in Inclusive
Victoria F Knight1, Emily M Kuntz2, Melissa Brown3,4
1Department of Special Education, Vanderbilt University, 110 Magnolia Circle, 302A OMC, Nashville, TN, 37203-5721, USA. vicki.knight@vanderbilt.edu.
Abstract:
Video prompting is effective for teaching a variety of skills (e.g., daily living, communication) to students with autism and intellectual disability; yet, little research exists on the efficacy of these strategies on academic skills, in inclusive settings, and with typical intervention agents. Authors collaborated with paraprofessionals to select socially important academic skills (i.e., literacy, social studies, science, and math) aligned with students' IEPs and content taught in their inclusive classes. Results from the multiple probe across participants and skills design indicated a functional relation between the paraprofessional-delivered video prompting and correct responding to academic tasks for all three elementary students with autism and intellectual disability. Implications for practitioners, study limitations, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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