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Dynamic cerebral autoregulation during cognitive task: effect of hypoxia.
Shigehiko Ogoh1, Hiroki Nakata2, Tadayoshi Miyamoto3
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University , Saitama , Japan.
Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|February 9, 2018
Summary
Cognitive tasks impair dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA) by affecting blood flow regulation, independent of oxygen levels. This impairment may be a technical artifact due to competing inputs affecting the pressure-velocity relationship.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Physiology
- Cardiovascular Research
Background:
- Dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA) maintains stable cerebral blood flow (CBF) despite blood pressure fluctuations.
- Cognitive activity is known to increase CBF, but its impact on dynamic CA is not fully understood.
- Hypoxia can alter CBF and potentially affect CA, but its interaction with cognitive load is unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if dynamic CA is impaired during a cognitive task.
- To determine if hypoxia exacerbates any impairment in dynamic CA during cognitive activity.
- To examine the relationship between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCA Vmean) under these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Fourteen healthy subjects performed a Go/No-go cognitive task under normoxia and hypoxia (12% O2).
- Transfer function analysis was used to assess dynamic CA by examining the relationship between MAP and MCA Vmean.
- Phase shift and gain in very low (VLF) and low (LF) frequency bands were evaluated.
Main Results:
- Cognitive activity increased MCA Vmean but impaired dynamic CA, indicated by decreased VLF/LF phase shift and increased LF gain.
- Hypoxia did not further alter MCA Vmean or cognitive performance (reaction time, errors).
- Hypoxia increased VLF gain but did not significantly modify other dynamic CA parameters, suggesting impairment is independent of oxygen availability.
Conclusions:
- Dynamic CA is attenuated during cognitive tasks, irrespective of systemic oxygen levels.
- The observed impairment in dynamic CA during cognitive activity may be influenced by confounding factors affecting the MAP-MCA Vmean relationship.
- Further research is needed to clarify the functional significance and underlying mechanisms of cognitive-induced CA changes.
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