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Related Concept Videos

Enzymes02:34

Enzymes

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Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
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Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Enzyme Kinetics

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Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
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Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

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Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups

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Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

Extraction: Advanced Methods

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Enzyme Inhibition01:30

Enzyme Inhibition

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Inhibitors are molecules that reduce enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme. In a normally functioning cell, enzymes are regulated by a variety of inhibitors. Drugs and other toxins can also inhibit enzymes. Some inhibitors bind to the enzyme’s active site, while others inhibit enzymatic activity by binding to other sites on the protein structure.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Hydrophobic Salt-modified Nafion for Enzyme Immobilization and Stabilization
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Hydrophobic Salt-modified Nafion for Enzyme Immobilization and Stabilization

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[Recent advances in enzyme immobilization].

Caixia Ke1, Yanli Fan1, Feng Su1

  • 1School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese Journal of Biotechnology
|February 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enzyme immobilization offers superior properties over free enzymes. Recent innovations focus on new carriers and methods to overcome cost and universality challenges in this green biocatalysis field.

Keywords:
biomaterialsbiotechnologyenzymeimmobilization technology

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Area of Science:

  • Biocatalysis and Enzyme Technology
  • Green Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Enzymes are efficient, green biocatalysts with broad applications.
  • Immobilized enzymes exhibit enhanced properties compared to free enzymes.
  • Enzyme immobilization research in China began in the 1970s.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in enzyme immobilization technologies.
  • To highlight new carriers and methods in enzyme immobilization.
  • To provide suggestions for future developments in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of traditional and novel enzyme immobilization techniques.
  • Analysis of recent developments in enzyme carriers and immobilization strategies.
  • Discussion of current applications and future trends.

Main Results:

  • Immobilized enzymes are widely used in food, medical, energy, and environmental sectors.
  • Existing immobilization methods face challenges like high cost and lack of universality.
  • New immobilization technologies utilizing novel carriers and methods are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous innovation in enzyme immobilization is crucial for overcoming current limitations.
  • Future developments should focus on cost-effective and universally applicable immobilization strategies.
  • Further research is needed to optimize new immobilization technologies for broader industrial adoption.