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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activities of Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Surfaces In Vitro
Published on: April 21, 2023
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In vitro methods for the evaluation of antimicrobial surface designs
Jelmer Sjollema1, Sebastian A J Zaat2, Veronique Fontaine3
1University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of BioMedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Acta Biomaterialia
|February 13, 2018
Summary
Evaluating antimicrobial biomaterials requires specific methods for each action mechanism: releasing, contact-killing, or non-adhesivity. This review categorizes 14 methods to guide selection and improve translation of novel antimicrobial coatings.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Infectious Disease Research
- Surface Chemistry
Background:
- Bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on biomedical implants lead to device failure.
- Systemic antibiotics are often ineffective against biofilms, necessitating antimicrobial biomaterials.
- Existing industrial standard tests inadequately address diverse antimicrobial surface design mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To categorize 14 in vitro evaluation methods for antimicrobial surface designs.
- To match evaluation methods to specific antimicrobial mechanisms: antimicrobial-releasing, contact-killing, and non-adhesivity.
- To provide a guide for selecting appropriate methods to facilitate clinical translation.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and categorization of 14 existing in vitro evaluation methods.
- Analysis of method suitability based on antimicrobial mechanism of action.
- Comparison with industrial standard tests.
Main Results:
- No single method effectively evaluates all three antimicrobial mechanisms.
- Each method is best suited for a specific antimicrobial mechanism.
- A table is provided to guide the selection of appropriate evaluation methods.
Conclusions:
- Appropriate in vitro evaluation is crucial for novel antimicrobial biomaterials.
- Tailored methods are needed to accurately assess antimicrobial surface designs.
- Improved evaluation strategies will accelerate the clinical translation of antimicrobial coatings.
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