Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What are Cells?01:07

What are Cells?

205.6K
Cells are the smallest and basic units of life, whether it is a single cell that forms the entire organism, e.g., in a bacterium or trillions of them, e.g., in humans. No matter what organism a cell is a part of, they share specific characteristics.
Basic Characteristics of Cells
A living cell has a plasma membrane, a bilayer of lipids that separates the aqueous solution inside the cell called the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
Furthermore, a living cell possesses genetic information...
205.6K
What are Cells?01:15

What are Cells?

50.3K
Cells are the smallest and basic units of life, whether it is a single cell that forms the entire organism, e.g., in a bacterium, or trillions of them, e.g., in humans. No matter what organism a cell is a part of, they share specific characteristics.
Basic Characteristics of Cells
A living cell has a plasma membrane, a bilayer of lipids that separates the aqueous solution inside the cell called the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
Furthermore, a living cell possesses genetic information...
50.3K
What is Cell Signaling?02:03

What is Cell Signaling?

131.1K
Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
131.1K
Chemistry of the Cell02:58

Chemistry of the Cell

48.4K
The cell is chemically composed of water, organic molecules and inorganic ions.
Water
The polarity of the water molecule and its resulting hydrogen bonding makes water a unique substance with special properties that are intimately tied to the processes of life. Life originally evolved in an aqueous environment, and most of an organism’s cellular chemistry and metabolism occur inside the aqueous contents of the cell’s cytoplasm. Special properties of water are its high heat capacity...
48.4K
Concentration Cells02:41

Concentration Cells

25.9K
A concentration cell is a type of a  voltaic cell constructed by connecting two almost identical half-cells, both based on the same half-reaction and using the same electrode, differing only in the concentration of one redox species. A concentration cell's potential, therefore, is determined only by the concentration difference of the particular redox species.
Consider the following voltaic cell:
25.9K
Cell Size01:22

Cell Size

132.5K
Cell sizes vary widely among and within organisms. Bacterial cells range between 1-10 micrometers (μm)and are considerably smaller than most eukaryotic cells. The smallest bacteria are 0.1 μm in diameter—about a thousand times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically range from 10-100 μm.
Surface Area
Cells can take in nutrients and water via diffusion through the plasma membrane itself or through specific channels in the membrane. The area of the membrane surrounding...
132.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An open phase I/IIa study evaluating safety, patient-reported outcomes and voice function after surgery, local administration of mesenchymal stromal cells and voice training in patients with vocal fold scarring and dysphonia.

Stem cell research & therapy·2026
Same author

Fate and function of exogenously administered mesenchymal stromal cells: current insights and future directions.

Cytotherapy·2025
Same author

Defining minimal criteria for peer-reviewed reporting of mesenchymal stromal cell clinical trials for autoimmune diseases.

Cytotherapy·2025
Same author

Correction: Reduced prefrontal cortex and sympathetic nervous system activity correlate with fatigue after aHSCT.

Bone marrow transplantation·2025
Same author

Correction: Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells preserve endogenous insulin production in type 1 diabetes: a Phase I/II randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Diabetologia·2025
Same author

ISCT MSC committee statement on the US FDA approval of allogenic bone-marrow mesenchymal stromal cells.

Cytotherapy·2025
Same journal

Dialysis bioreactor enables high-density, serum-free expansion of dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stromal cells with enhanced secretome.

Cytotherapy·2026
Same journal

Beyond the synapses: should we anticipate neurotransmitter signaling when manufacturing CAR-T cells for brain tumors?

Cytotherapy·2026
Same journal

Curative treatment for severe sickle cell disease: allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant or gene therapy.

Cytotherapy·2026
Same journal

Manufacturing strategies for prolonged CAR-T cell persistence.

Cytotherapy·2026
Same journal

Overcoming five main challenges to targeting hematologic malignancies.

Cytotherapy·2026
Same journal

Mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapy in the COVID-19 pandemic: results from an academic phase I/II double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial and reflections for the field.

Cytotherapy·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Isolation and Enrichment of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs and Separation of Single-colony Derived MSCs
08:18

Isolation and Enrichment of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs and Separation of Single-colony Derived MSCs

Published on: March 22, 2010

29.2K

MSCs-cells with many sides.

Katarina Le Blanc1, Lindsay C Davies2

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Cytotherapy
|February 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are increasingly used in therapies. This review emphasizes evaluating each MSC source independently to understand its unique potential and limitations for safe clinical application.

More Related Videos

Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs
06:20

Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs

Published on: December 24, 2015

12.9K
Isolation and Animal Serum Free Expansion of Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells MSCs and Endothelial Colony Forming Progenitor Cells ECFCs
16:04

Isolation and Animal Serum Free Expansion of Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells MSCs and Endothelial Colony Forming Progenitor Cells ECFCs

Published on: October 8, 2009

16.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Isolation and Enrichment of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs and Separation of Single-colony Derived MSCs
08:18

Isolation and Enrichment of Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs and Separation of Single-colony Derived MSCs

Published on: March 22, 2010

29.2K
Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs
06:20

Assessment of the Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSCs

Published on: December 24, 2015

12.9K
Isolation and Animal Serum Free Expansion of Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells MSCs and Endothelial Colony Forming Progenitor Cells ECFCs
16:04

Isolation and Animal Serum Free Expansion of Human Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells MSCs and Endothelial Colony Forming Progenitor Cells ECFCs

Published on: October 8, 2009

16.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Regenerative medicine
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) biology and clinical applications have expanded significantly.
  • Numerous tissue-specific stromal cell sources are being identified and termed MSCs.
  • The increasing clinical use necessitates a clearer definition and understanding of MSCs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of defining mesenchymal stromal cells.
  • To recognize inherent differences between various stromal cell sources.
  • To critically evaluate the phenotype and safety of MSCs for novel cell therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of mesenchymal stromal cell biology.
  • Analysis of current clinical applications of stromal cells.
  • Discussion of the potential and limitations of different MSC sources.

Main Results:

  • Stromal cell sources should be treated as independent entities.
  • Critical evaluation of the true phenotype of different MSCs is crucial.
  • Understanding the limitations and safety profiles of each MSC source is essential.

Conclusions:

  • A precise definition of mesenchymal stromal cells is needed.
  • Each stromal cell source possesses unique characteristics, potential, and limitations.
  • Thorough evaluation of MSC phenotype and safety is paramount for successful cell therapy.