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Comprehensive Assessment of Risk Factors of Cause-Specific Infant Deaths in Japan

Yui Yamaoka1, Naho Morisaki2, Haruko Noguchi3

  • 1Department of Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba.

Journal of Epidemiology
|February 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Both social and biological risk factors increase infant mortality risk from disease, abuse, and accidents. Addressing these factors requires integrated public health and clinical support for vulnerable infants.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Infants with high social risk (e.g., child abuse) and biological risk (e.g., disease) receive separate attention.
  • Limited research exists on the combined impact of social and biological factors on cause-specific infant mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between biological and social risk factors and infant mortality.
  • To examine cause-specific infant mortality, including medical (internal), abuse (intentional external), and accident (unintentional external) causes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Japanese national vital statistics data (2003-2010) linking birth and death records.
  • Employed multivariate logistic regression to analyze the relationship between risk factors and infant mortality outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Over 8.9 million births showed 23,400 infant deaths (0.26%) within the first year.
  • High social risk factors (e.g., teenage mothers, single mothers) were linked to increased mortality from internal, intentional external, and unintentional external causes.
  • Biological factors like small for gestational age and preterm birth increased risks for internal and unintentional external cause deaths, but not intentional external causes.

Conclusions:

  • Both biological and social factors significantly influence infant mortality across different causes.
  • Integrated support from public health and clinical professionals is crucial for preventing infant deaths in high-risk populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
infant deathintentional injuryrisk factorunintentional injuryvital statistics

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