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Related Experiment Video

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Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
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Cortical structural involvement and cognitive dysfunction in early Parkinson's disease.

J C Klein1,2,3, M Rolinski1,3, L Griffanti1,2

  • 1Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Division of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

NMR in Biomedicine
|February 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Early Parkinson's disease (PD) shows subtle cortical changes detectable with advanced MRI. This microstructural brain pathology correlates with cognitive decline, offering a new diagnostic marker.

Keywords:
Parkinson's diseasecerebral cortexcognitive functiondiffusion MRIindependent component analysis (ICA)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) shows promise for detecting brain changes in early Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • Previous studies focused on white and deep grey matter, leaving cortical involvement less explored.
  • Quantitative MRI techniques may reveal subtle, early-stage neurodegenerative changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intrinsic cortical involvement in early PD using quantitative MRI.
  • To establish whether multi-modal MRI can detect microstructural cortical pathology in early PD.
  • To correlate imaging findings with cognitive performance in early PD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 20 early PD patients (Hoehn & Yahr 1-2) and 19 controls.
  • Acquired multi-modal MRI data: diffusion MRI, T1 relaxometry, and cortical morphometry.
  • Analyzed data using linked independent component analysis (ICA) for multi-modal fusion, comparing with uni-modal general linear model (GLM) analysis.

Main Results:

  • Linked ICA revealed significant multi-modal cortical changes in early PD (p=0.015).
  • Observed fractional anisotropy reduction, mean diffusivity increase, and sparse diffusivity decrease in specific cortical regions.
  • Cortical integrity changes correlated with diminished cognitive performance; uni-modal analysis found no significant group differences.

Conclusions:

  • Detected microstructural cortical pathology in early PD using a data-driven, multi-modal MRI approach.
  • Cortical pathology is linked to cognitive deficits, indicating early degenerative processes.
  • Quantitative multi-modal MRI provides a sensitive signature of early cortical changes in Parkinson's disease.