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Clinical evaluation of two different protein content formulas fed to full-term healthy infants: a randomized

Nadia Liotto1,2, Anna Orsi3, Camilla Menis3

  • 1Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. nadia.liotto@policlinico.mi.it.

BMC Pediatrics
|February 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

A low-protein infant formula is safe and supports adequate growth. Further research is needed to understand its long-term effects on infant body composition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nutrition Science
  • Infant Health

Background:

  • High early protein intake in infants is linked to rapid weight gain and altered body composition.
  • The safety of low-protein formulas for healthy, full-term infants requires evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the safety and growth outcomes of a low-protein infant formula.
  • To compare body composition in infants fed low-protein formula versus breast milk.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 118 infants fed one of two formulas (1.2 vs. 1.7 g/100 mL protein) for 4 months.
  • Anthropometry and body composition (air displacement plethysmography) were measured at enrollment, 2 months, and 4 months.
  • A reference group of 50 exclusively breastfed infants was included for comparison.

Main Results:

  • Weight gain was similar across all groups (low-protein formula groups and breastfed reference group).
  • Infants fed formula had similar body composition, but differed in fat-free mass compared to breastfed infants at 2 and 4 months.
  • Formula A (lower protein) showed a fat-free mass increase closer to that of breastfed infants; adverse events were similar between formula groups.

Conclusions:

  • Low-protein infant formula appears safe and supports appropriate infant growth.
  • Long-term effects of low-protein formula on body composition warrant additional investigation.
Abstract

Keywords:
Body compositionFull-term infantsGrowthLow-protein formulaSafety

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