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Related Concept Videos

Accelerators01:17

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Accelerators in concrete serve as admixtures to speed up the hardening process, enabling the concrete to achieve early strength faster. Although accelerators do not necessarily impact the time it takes concrete to set, they reduce this time in practice. A common accelerator is calcium chloride, which is particularly useful for hastening early strength development in cold weather or for rapid repair jobs that require quick heat generation after mixing.
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It isn't easy to measure a parameter such as the mean height or the mean weight of a population. So, we draw samples from the population and calculate the mean height or mean weight of the individuals in the sample. This sample data acts as a representative measure of the population parameter. These sample statistics are known as estimates. 
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The importance of understanding acceleration spans our day-to-day experiences, as well as the vast reaches of outer space and the tiny world of subatomic physics. In everyday conversation, to accelerate means to speed up. For instance, we are familiar with the acceleration of our car; the harder we apply our foot to the gas pedal, the faster we accelerate. The greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Acceleration is widely seen in experimental physics. In...
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Acceleration is in the direction of the change in velocity, but it is not always in the direction of motion. When an object slows down, its acceleration is opposite to the direction of its motion. Although commonly referred to as deceleration, this causes confusion in our analysis as deceleration is not a vector, and does not point to a specific direction with respect to a coordinate system. Therefore, the term deceleration is not used. For example, when a subway train slows down, it...
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When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
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Patient-specific Modeling of the Heart: Estimation of Ventricular Fiber Orientations
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Robust estimation in accelerated failure time models.

Sanjoy K Sinha1

  • 1School of Mathematics and Statistics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada. sinha@math.carleton.ca.

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|February 15, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a robust method for analyzing survival data, improving the accelerated failure time model

Keywords:
Failure time modelHazard functionOutliersRobust estimationSurvival data

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Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Survival Analysis
  • Clinical Data Analysis

Background:

  • Accelerated failure time (AFT) models are standard for censored survival data in clinical research.
  • Ordinary maximum likelihood estimators in AFT models are susceptible to outliers and distributional assumption violations.
  • Robustness in survival analysis is crucial for reliable clinical study interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a robust method for fitting the accelerated failure time model.
  • To mitigate the impact of outliers in survival data and associated covariates.
  • To provide reliable parameter estimation for AFT models in the presence of data anomalies.

Main Methods:

  • Proposing a robust fitting method for the AFT model.
  • Implementing outlier influence bounding for outcome and covariates.
  • Developing a sandwich-type variance-covariance estimator for robust parameters.
  • Conducting extensive simulations to evaluate finite-sample properties.

Main Results:

  • The proposed robust method demonstrates improved stability against outliers compared to standard AFT models.
  • Simulation studies confirm the effectiveness of the robust estimators in various scenarios.
  • The sandwich-type variance estimator provides accurate approximations for robust parameter variances.
  • The method is successfully applied to real-world breast cancer clinical data.

Conclusions:

  • The developed robust method offers a reliable alternative for analyzing censored survival data with potential outliers.
  • This approach enhances the accuracy and trustworthiness of findings from clinical studies using AFT models.
  • The robust AFT model fitting is particularly valuable for sensitive clinical trial data analysis.