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Alteration of MicroRNA Expression Profiles by Surface-Modified Gold Nanoparticles in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells

Seon Young Choi1, Pan Dong Ryu1, Sang-Woo Joo2

  • 1Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
|February 15, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Surface-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) alter microRNA expression in A549 cells. Citrate- and chitosan-AuNPs significantly changed microRNA profiles, impacting cell processes like migration and differentiation.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression.
  • Nanoparticles (NPs) are known to alter microRNA expression, affecting cell development and disease.
  • The impact of surface-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on microRNA expression in A549 cells remains uninvestigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microRNA expression profiles in A549 cells treated with citrate- and chitosan-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).
  • To identify specific microRNAs and their target genes affected by AuNP treatment.
  • To understand the role of altered microRNA expression in regulating cellular processes.

Main Methods:

  • MicroRNA array analysis was performed on A549 cells exposed to citrate-AuNPs and chitosan-AuNPs.
  • Differential microRNA expression was compared between treated and non-treated cells.
  • Bioinformatic tools were used to predict target genes of altered microRNAs and associated signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Citrate-AuNPs significantly altered the expression of microRNA (hsa-miR-198) compared to control cells.
  • Chitosan-AuNPs significantly altered the expression of 16 microRNAs compared to control cells.
  • Predicted target genes were involved in critical cellular processes including proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and differentiation, notably within the mitogen-activated protein kinase, ErbB, and Wnt signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Surface modification of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) differentially impacts microRNA expression profiles in A549 cells.
  • Altered microRNA expression by AuNPs can regulate fundamental cell processes such as survival, migration, and differentiation.
  • These findings highlight the potential of AuNPs as modulators of cellular behavior through microRNA pathway regulation.

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