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Behavioral interventions as a treatment for epilepsy: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Sheryl R Haut1, Richard B Lipton2, Susannah Cornes2

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Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) and focused attention reduced seizures in epilepsy patients. PMR was more effective at reducing stress, but both interventions showed similar seizure reduction benefits.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Medication-resistant epilepsy affects a significant patient population.
  • Stress is a known potential trigger for seizures in epilepsy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a stress-reduction intervention for medication-resistant epilepsy.
  • To compare progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) with a focused-attention control for seizure reduction and stress management.

Main Methods:

  • 66 adults with medication-resistant focal epilepsy were randomized to PMR or focused attention.
  • A 12-week double-blind treatment phase followed an 8-week baseline, with daily electronic diary entries for mood, stress, and seizures.
  • No medication adjustments were permitted during the study.

Main Results:

  • Both PMR and focused attention groups demonstrated a significant reduction in seizure frequency from baseline (29% and 25%, respectively).
  • There was no significant difference in seizure reduction between the PMR and focused-attention groups (p = 0.38).
  • PMR was significantly more effective in reducing self-reported stress compared to the focused-attention group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Both progressive muscle relaxation and focused attention interventions can reduce seizure frequency in medication-resistant focal epilepsy.
  • Progressive muscle relaxation offers an additional benefit of stress reduction compared to focused attention.
  • Daily stress levels were not found to be a predictor of seizure occurrence in this study.