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Related Concept Videos

Rationalizing Substitutions01:29

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Integrals involving non-rational functions are often difficult to evaluate using standard techniques, especially when radicals appear in the integrand. Rationalizing substitution provides a systematic method for simplifying such integrals by converting them into rational forms that are easier to handle.Consider a rod whose linear mass density depends on a constant linear density, a characteristic length, and the distance from the left end of the rod. Determining the total mass requires...
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Rational expressions are algebraic fractions in which both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials. These expressions follow the arithmetic rules of numerical fractions but require extra care due to the presence of variables. A fundamental part of working with rational expressions is identifying values that make the expression undefined, typically those that result in division by zero or undefined radicals.Determining the DomainThe domain of a rational expression includes all real...
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A rational function is defined as the quotient of two polynomials:  where Q(x)≠0, These functions often exhibit asymptotes, which are the lines that the graph approaches but never touches. These asymptotes are classified based on how the function behaves near specific values of the input.Vertical asymptotes occur where the denominator is zero, and the numerator is not, causing the function to be undefined. These are found by solving Q(x)=0. For example:  has a vertical...
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Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert...
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Rational functions are expressions written as the ratio of two polynomials, and their integrals are evaluated by simplifying the integrand into manageable parts. These functions are classified as proper or improper based on the degrees of the numerator and denominator.A rational function is proper when the degree of the numerator is less than the degree of the denominator. In this case, partial fraction decomposition is used to rewrite the function as a sum of simpler rational terms. The...
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A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects.
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Inaugurating Rationalization: Three Field Studies Find Increased Rationalization When Anticipated Realities Become

Kristin Laurin1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia.

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Summary

People tend to rationalize the status quo, especially when a new reality becomes current. This study shows an observable boost in rationalizations for events like policy changes and political shifts immediately after they occur.

Keywords:
and preregisteredanticipatory rationalizationmotivated cognitionopen dataopen materialspolitical psychologyrationalizationsystem justification

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Economics
  • Political Science

Background:

  • Individuals often rationalize existing situations, emphasizing positive aspects and downplaying negatives.
  • This tendency extends to anticipated future realities, where people may preemptively justify upcoming changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that the transition of an anticipated reality to a current one triggers increased rationalization.
  • To investigate the psychological mechanisms behind this boost in rationalization.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted three field studies, including one preregistered study.
  • Examined rationalization levels in the immediate aftermath of policy changes and political events.
  • Compared rationalization behaviors before and after these realities became current.

Main Results:

  • Observed a significant increase in rationalization for a plastic water bottle ban in San Francisco after it was enacted.
  • Found a similar boost in rationalization for a smoking ban in Ontario and the presidency of Donald Trump in the US.
  • Identified evidence for the underlying psychological mechanism driving these rationalization behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • The transition from anticipated to current reality demonstrably increases individuals' rationalization of the status quo.
  • Findings offer insights into rationalization, protest behavior, and policy implications.
  • The study provides empirical support for psychological theories of rationalization in real-world contexts.