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Synthesis and Catalytic Performance of Gold Intercalated in the Walls of Mesoporous Silica
Published on: July 9, 2015
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Two Methods for Intercalation of Surfactants into Graphite Oxide.
Zhongliang Hu1, Xuefeng Li1, Liujiang Xi1
1College of Metallurgic Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China.
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
|February 17, 2018
Summary
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) intercalates graphite oxide via hydrogen bonding in water, increasing interlayer spacing. Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) requires alkaline conditions for intercalation, resulting in less ordered structures.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Graphite oxide (GO) intercalation is crucial for material properties.
- Mechanisms of GO intercalation by surfactants are not well understood.
- Investigating surfactant interactions with GO is key for developing novel composite materials.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the intercalation properties and mechanisms of graphite oxide using two distinct surfactants.
- To synthesize and characterize polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-intercalated and tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB)-intercalated graphite oxide composites.
- To compare the intercalation behavior, bonding, and structural ordering of PVP and TTAB within graphite oxide.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of PVP-GO and TTAB-GO composites under varying conditions.
- Characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
- Analysis of intercalation efficiency, interlayer spacing, bonding mechanisms (hydrogen vs. ionic), and structural order.
Main Results:
- PVP directly intercalates into GO layers in water via hydrogen bonding, increasing interlayer spacing with higher PVP:GO ratios.
- TTAB does not effectively react with water-dispersed GO; alkaline conditions (0.05 N NaOH) facilitate rapid reaction and intercalation.
- TTAB intercalation increases spacing but results in a less ordered crystalline structure compared to PVP-intercalated GO.
Conclusions:
- PVP intercalation in GO is driven by hydrogen bonding in aqueous solutions.
- TTAB intercalation requires specific conditions (alkaline) and involves exfoliation, reaction, and reaggregation processes.
- The choice of surfactant and reaction conditions significantly impacts the intercalation mechanism, bonding, and final structure of GO composites.
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