Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026
10:39
3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
Published on: June 2, 2014
18.8K
PACAP38 in human models of primary headaches
Håkan Ashina1, Song Guo1, Anne L H Vollesen1
1Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
The Journal of Headache and Pain
|February 18, 2018
Summary
Pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP38) triggers migraine-like attacks in humans. Research shows PACAP38 causes varied responses and brain changes in migraine patients, highlighting its role in headache pathophysiology.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Headache Research
Background:
- The role of PACAP38 in primary human headaches requires further elucidation.
- Understanding PACAP38's mechanisms in migraine is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review PACAP38's function in human primary headache models.
- To discuss potential mechanisms of PACAP38-induced migraine.
- To outline future research directions in PACAP38 and headache.
Main Methods:
- Review of experimental studies on PACAP38 in human migraine models.
- Analysis of brain imaging data following PACAP38 infusion.
- Examination of clinical trial data for anti-PAC1 receptor antibodies.
Main Results:
- PACAP38 is a potent pharmacological trigger of migraine-like attacks.
- PACAP38 elicits a heterogeneous response in migraine without aura patients.
- Neuronal and vascular changes observed in migraine patients post-PACAP38 infusion.
Conclusions:
- PACAP38 plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of primary headaches.
- The PAC1 receptor and PACAP38 are potential targets for migraine drug development.
- Further research is needed to understand PACAP38-induced migraine mechanisms and therapeutic potential.
Related Concept Videos
01:47Primary Active Transport
201.1K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
201.1K
01:29Primary Active Transport
14.6K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...
14.6K
03:02Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots
60.7K
Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
60.7K
01:06Primary Production
25.6K
The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
25.6K
01:28Primary Distribution
556
Primary distribution systems deliver electrical power from substations to consumers through various voltage classes, with 15-kV class voltages being predominant among U.S. utilities. Older 2.5- and 5-kV classes are being replaced by 15-kV primaries, while higher 25- to 34.5-kV classes are used in high-density urban areas and rural regions with long feeders. Three-phase, four-wire multigrounded systems are widely employed for balanced power delivery, using the neutral wire as a grounding point.
556
01:17Nomenclature of Primary Amines
4.6K
Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.
4.6K