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[Classification of upper cervical fractures: a review]
Peng-Rong Ouyang1, Xi-Jing He2, Xuan Cai1
1The Second Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China.
Zhongguo Gu Shang = China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology
|February 19, 2018
Summary
Upper cervical fractures, including occipital, atlas, and axis injuries, require precise classification for effective management. This review details common fracture types and treatment strategies for better clinical outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Traumatology
- Neurosurgery
Background:
- Upper cervical fractures (occipital, atlas, axis) result from trauma and can cause severe neurological deficits like paralysis.
- Accurate diagnosis and classification are crucial for appropriate clinical management and patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and classify common upper cervical fracture-dislocations.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of management strategies for clinicians.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of upper cervical spine injuries.
- Classification of occipital, atlas, and axis fractures based on anatomical patterns.
Main Results:
- Identified common upper cervical fractures: occipital condylar, atlanto-occipital dislocation, atlas, odontoid, Hangman's, and axis body fractures.
- Highlighted predictable patterns in osseous and ligamentous injuries due to unique upper cervical anatomy.
Conclusions:
- Precise classification of upper cervical fractures is essential for guiding treatment decisions.
- Understanding fracture patterns aids clinicians in managing these severe traumatic injuries effectively.
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