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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Animal Mitochondrial Genetics02:59

Animal Mitochondrial Genetics

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Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
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Kidney Structure01:45

Kidney Structure

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The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice
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Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic kidney disease.

Josephine M Forbes1,2,3, David R Thorburn3,4

  • 1Glycation and Diabetes Group, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Nature Reviews. Nephrology
|February 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) development involves mitochondrial dysfunction. Inherited factors and diabetes-related metabolic changes synergistically drive DKD progression, impacting kidney and cardiovascular health.

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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
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An In Vitro Approach to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cybrid Model
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Transplantation of Pancreatic Islets Into the Kidney Capsule of Diabetic Mice
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Whole Kidney, Medulla, and Cortical Tubules in Diabetic Pathogenesis of Kidney Injury in Mice
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An In Vitro Approach to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cybrid Model
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An In Vitro Approach to Study Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Cybrid Model

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Mitochondrial Biology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Diabetes is a primary cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  • Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) pathogenesis is not fully understood.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in various kidney diseases and increasingly recognized in DKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
  • To explore the synergistic effects of the diabetic environment and genetic factors on DKD.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying DKD development and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on diabetes, kidney disease, and mitochondrial function.
  • Analysis of metabolic alterations in the kidneys during diabetes.
  • Consideration of genetic predispositions to mitochondrial abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Diabetes alters metabolic substrate delivery and increases oxygen consumption, leading to renal hypoxia.
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathological mediator in DKD.
  • Genetic factors influencing mitochondrial function may increase DKD risk.

Conclusions:

  • The diabetic milieu and inherited factors interact to promote DKD.
  • Abnormalities in mitochondrial function are central to DKD pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing DKD and its complications.