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Blastococcus xanthinilyticus sp. nov., isolated from monument.

Karima Hezbri¹, Imen Nouioui², Manfred Rohde³

¹Laboratoire Microorganismes et Biomolécules Actives, Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

|February 21, 2018

Summary

A novel actinobacterium, Blastococcus xanthinilyticus, was discovered on Tunisian marble. This Gram-positive bacterium can hydrolyze xanthine, distinguishing it as a new species within the Blastococcus genus.

Keywords:

Geodermatophilaceae polyphasic taxonomy xanthine hydrolase

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Bacteriology
Taxonomy

Background:

Actinobacteria are crucial in various environments, including historical monuments.
Understanding microbial diversity on cultural heritage sites is vital for conservation.
The genus Blastococcus comprises Gram-positive bacteria known for their ecological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize a novel actinobacterium from a Tunisian marble monument.
To determine the taxonomic position of the novel isolate using a polyphasic approach.
To propose a new species within the genus Blastococcus based on distinct characteristics.

Main Methods:

Isolation of bacteria from marble samples.
Polyphasic taxonomic analysis including chemotaxonomy and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological tests for species differentiation.

Main Results:

A novel, non-motile, coccoid, Gram-positive actinobacterium, strain BMG 862T, was isolated.
Chemotaxonomic data revealed specific menaquinones and polar lipids.
Phylogenetic analysis placed the strain within the genus Blastococcus, closely related to B. saxobsidens and B. capsensis.
The genomic DNA G+C content was 74.7 mol%.
The strain demonstrated xanthine hydrolysis, differentiating it from related species.

Conclusions:

Strain BMG 862T represents a novel species of the genus Blastococcus.
The proposed name for the new species is Blastococcus xanthinilyticus sp. nov.
This discovery expands the known diversity of Blastococcus and highlights bacteria associated with cultural heritage sites.