Nasal Cavity Actinomycosis Mimicking Rhinolith

Area of Science:

• Medical Microbiology
• Infectious Diseases
• Otolaryngology

Background:

• Actinomycosis is a subacute-to-chronic bacterial infection caused by filamentous, gram-positive, anaerobic bacteria.
• Characterized by continuous spread, inflammation, abscesses, and sinus tracts, often discharging sulfur granules.
• While cervicofacial actinomycosis is common, nasal and paranasal sinus involvement is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

• This report details an extremely rare case of nasal cavity actinomycosis.
• The patient presented with symptoms mimicking a rhinolith (nasal calculus).
• This specific presentation of nasal actinomycosis has not been previously documented in medical literature.

Findings:

• Nasal cavity actinomycosis was diagnosed in the patient.
• The condition presented atypically, closely resembling a rhinolith.
• Successful treatment was achieved through surgical debridement and antibiotic therapy.

Implications:

• This case expands the differential diagnosis for nasal masses and rhinoliths.
• Highlights the importance of considering actinomycosis in rare nasal infections.
• Demonstrates effective management strategies for nasal cavity actinomycosis.