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Related Concept Videos

Shunt Admittances01:26

Shunt Admittances

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Shunt admittances play a crucial role in the analysis of transmission lines, particularly for three-phase systems with neutral conductors. When a uniformly charged conductor is positioned above the Earth, it induces an equal but opposite charge on its surface. This interaction creates electric field lines between the conductor and the Earth.
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General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Neuronavigation and Laparoscopy Guided Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Insertion for the Treatment of Hydrocephalus
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Neuraxial Anesthesia in Children With Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts.

Anthony B Longhini1, Eric C Cheon1, John Hajduk1

  • 1From the Departments of Anesthesiology.

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|February 21, 2018
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Neuraxial anesthesia is safe for pediatric subumbilical surgery. In patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts, complications are rare, suggesting concerns may be overstated.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Medical Device Safety

Background:

  • Neuraxial anesthesia is established as safe for pediatric subumbilical surgery.
  • Limited data exists on neuraxial anesthesia safety in pediatric patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and complication rates of neuraxial anesthesia in pediatric patients with indwelling ventriculoperitoneal shunts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 25 pediatric patients with VPS undergoing procedures with neuraxial anesthesia.
  • Complications were assessed within 30 days of the neuraxial procedure.

Main Results:

  • One patient (4%) required ventriculoperitoneal shunt revision 5 days post-lumbar catheter placement.
  • The revision was deemed likely unrelated to the neuraxial procedure by the neurosurgeon.

Conclusions:

  • Neuraxial anesthesia appears to be safe in pediatric patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts.
  • The risk of complications associated with neuraxial techniques in this population may be lower than previously feared.