Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
12:40

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

Published on: December 7, 2014

15.3K

Implications of KRAS mutations in acquired resistance to treatment in NSCLC

Marzia Del Re1, Eleonora Rofi1, Giuliana Restante1

  • 1Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Oncotarget
|February 22, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

KRAS mutations are common in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) but lack specific inhibitors. This review explores KRAS pathways and predictive biomarkers for NSCLC treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • KRAS is a frequently mutated oncogene in human cancers, particularly Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).
  • Despite over two decades since KRAS mutations were identified in NSCLC, targeted therapies directly inhibiting KRAS remain unavailable.
  • Numerous therapeutic strategies are being investigated for KRAS-mutated NSCLC patients resistant to standard treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular pathways associated with KRAS.
  • To analyze preclinical and clinical studies on KRAS mutations in NSCLC.
  • To investigate the predictive value of KRAS mutations for therapeutic interventions in NSCLC.

Main Methods:

  • Bibliographic search of the Medline database.
  • Keywords included: KRAS, KRAS mutations in non-small cell lung cancer, KRAS and tumorigenesis, KRAS and TKIs, KRAS and chemotherapy, KRAS and monoclonal antibody, KRAS and immunotherapy, KRAS and drugs, KRAS and drug resistance.
  • Focus on English-language articles.

Main Results:

  • KRAS mutations are a significant challenge in NSCLC treatment.
  • The KRAS network involves complex molecular pathways.
  • Predictive value of KRAS mutations is under investigation for various therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting KRAS directly remains a critical unmet need in NSCLC.
  • Understanding KRAS pathways is essential for developing effective therapies.
  • Further research is needed to leverage KRAS mutations as predictive biomarkers for treatment selection in NSCLC.
Keywords:
KRASNSCLCTKIpharmacogeneticstreatment acquired resistance

More Related Videos

Looking for Driver Pathways of Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapy: Drug Resistant Subclone Generation and Sensitivity Restoring by Gene Knock-down08:59

Looking for Driver Pathways of Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapy: Drug Resistant Subclone Generation and Sensitivity Restoring by Gene Knock-down

Published on: December 11, 2017

7.6K
MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder08:20

MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: August 11, 2015

14.7K

Related Concept Videos

Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.8K
Mutations01:39

Mutations

Overview
94.6K
Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
44.7K
Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
40.0K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
64.6K
Mutations in Microorganisms01:18

Mutations in Microorganisms

Mutations are heritable changes in an organism’s genome involving alterations in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. These changes can influence cellular processes and phenotypic traits, potentially transforming the unaltered wild type into a mutant form. Such changes, termed forward mutations, are pivotal in shaping the genetic diversity of organisms.RNA viruses exhibit the highest mutation rates due to the absence of robust proofreading mechanisms during genome replication. In contrast,...
787