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Related Concept Videos

Ion Channels01:19

Ion Channels

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The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...
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Repressible Operon: trp Operon01:21

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The trp operon in Escherichia coli exemplifies a repressible operon. It regulates the synthesis of tryptophan through repressor-mediated transcriptional control and attenuation. This dual regulatory mechanism ensures tryptophan biosynthesis occurs only when needed, conserving cellular resources.Structure of the trp OperonThe trp operon consists of five structural genes (trpE, trpD, trpC, trpB, and trpA) that encode enzymes for tryptophan biosynthesis. These genes are transcribed as a single...
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Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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The Resting Membrane Potential01:21

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Overview
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Series R—L Circuit Transients01:22

Series R—L Circuit Transients

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In a series resistor-inductor (R-L) circuit, closing the switch at the start of the time period simulates a three-phase short circuit, a fault condition where all three phases of an unloaded synchronous machine are short-circuited. When there is no fault impedance and no initial current, the initial voltage is determined by the phase angle of the source voltage.
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Internal Receptors01:31

Internal Receptors

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Many cellular signals are hydrophilic and therefore cannot pass through the plasma membrane. However, small or hydrophobic signaling molecules can cross the hydrophobic core of the plasma membrane and bind to internal, or intracellular, receptors that reside within the cell. Many mammalian steroid hormones use this mechanism of cell signaling, as does nitric oxide (NO) gas.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Purification of Endogenous Drosophila Transient Receptor Potential Channels
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Purification of Endogenous Drosophila Transient Receptor Potential Channels

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Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Channels.

Amrita Samanta1,2, Taylor E T Hughes1, Vera Y Moiseenkova-Bell3,4

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Sub-Cellular Biochemistry
|February 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are vital membrane proteins. Studying these 28 ion channels across six subfamilies is crucial for understanding cellular biochemistry and various physiological processes.

Keywords:
Cryo-electron microscopyPKD1PKD2PolycystinTRPATRPCTRPMTRPMLTRPPTRPVThermosensationTransient receptor potential channels

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are conserved integral membrane proteins.
  • The mammalian TRP superfamily comprises 28 cation channels in six subfamilies.
  • TRP channels play roles in diverse physiological and pathophysiological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the mammalian TRP channel superfamily.
  • To highlight the significance of TRP channels in cellular biochemistry.
  • To underscore the importance of TRP channel research.

Main Methods:

  • Sequence homology analysis for subfamily classification.
  • Review of literature on TRP channel functions and associated diseases.
  • Identification of key characteristics for each TRP subfamily.

Main Results:

  • TRP channels are grouped into six subfamilies: TRPC, TRPV, TRPM, TRPA, TRPML, and TRPP.
  • Each subfamily exhibits unique properties, e.g., heat sensitivity (TRPV), enzymatic domains (TRPM), analgesic targets (TRPA), intracellular localization (TRPML), and links to ADPKD (TRPP).
  • The TRP superfamily is involved in a wide range of physiological functions.

Conclusions:

  • TRP channels are essential for numerous biological functions.
  • Understanding TRP channel diversity and function is critical for advancing biomedical research.
  • Further investigation into TRP channels is imperative for comprehending subcellular biochemistry and disease mechanisms.