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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
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MicroRNA Changes in Firefighters.

Kyoung Sook Jeong1, Jin Zhou, Stephanie C Griffin

  • 1Department of Community, Environment and Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (Dr Jeong, Dr Griffin, Ms Dearmon-Moore, Ms Littau, Dr Burgess); Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Dongguk University-Seoul, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea (Dr Jeong); Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (Drs Zhou, Jacobs, Ms Zhai); Tucson Fire Department, Tucson, Arizona (Mr Gulotta, Mr Moore); WellAmerica, Tucson, Arizona (Dr Peate); University of Arizona Genetics Core, Arizona Research Laboratories, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (Richt).

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
|February 22, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Firefighter cancer risk may be linked to altered microRNA (a type of small RNA molecule) expression. This study found differences in microRNA levels between experienced and new firefighters, suggesting potential cancer mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Occupational Health
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Firefighters face higher cancer incidence and mortality rates.
  • MicroRNAs are crucial in cancer development (carcinogenesis).
  • MicroRNA expression in firefighters has not been previously studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate microRNA expression differences in firefighters.
  • To explore potential molecular mechanisms linking firefighting to cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples from 52 incumbent and 45 new recruit nonsmoking firefighters were analyzed.
  • MicroRNA expression levels were measured.
  • Results were statistically adjusted for age, obesity, and ethnicity.

Main Results:

  • Nine microRNAs showed significant expression differences between incumbent and new recruit firefighters.
  • Decreased expression of tumor suppressor microRNAs was observed in incumbent firefighters.
  • Increased expression of potential cancer-promoting microRNAs was noted in incumbent firefighters.

Conclusions:

  • Differential microRNA expression exists between incumbent and new recruit firefighters.
  • These microRNA alterations may represent mechanisms contributing to elevated cancer risk in firefighters.