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Related Concept Videos

Bond Energies and Bond Lengths02:49

Bond Energies and Bond Lengths

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Stable molecules exist because covalent bonds hold the atoms together. The strength of a covalent bond is measured by the energy required to break it, that is, the energy necessary to separate the bonded atoms. Separating any pair of bonded atoms requires energy — the stronger a bond, the greater the energy required to break it.
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A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
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When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Synthesis of PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Janus Microhydrogels for Anisotropic Thermo-responsiveness and Organophilic/Hydrophilic Loading Capability
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Janus Nanoparticles for Improved Dentin Bonding.

Bing Han, Wendi Xia, Kaining Liu

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|February 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles offer a superior alternative to 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in dental adhesives. These novel nanoparticles enhance bonding and reduce phase separation without cytotoxicity, addressing HEMA

Keywords:
HEMAJanus nanoparticlesadhesiveamphipathydentin bonding

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is a common dental adhesive primer, acting as a compatibilizer.
  • HEMA's drawbacks include water retention, hydrolysis, and cytotoxicity, leading to restoration failure.
  • There is a critical need for a safer, more effective HEMA alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles as a replacement for HEMA in dental adhesives.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of Janus nanoparticles in improving adhesive performance and biocompatibility.
  • To synthesize and characterize reactive amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of reactive amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles via Pickering emulsion interface modification.
  • Evaluation of nanoparticle performance in reducing phase separation and stabilizing dentin adhesives.
  • Assessment of dentin bonding enhancement and cytotoxicity of the developed nanoparticles.

Main Results:

  • Janus nanoparticles demonstrated superior performance over HEMA in reducing phase separation and stabilizing adhesives.
  • The synthesized nanoparticles significantly enhanced the dentin bonding interface.
  • No cytotoxicity was observed with the reactive Janus nanoparticles.

Conclusions:

  • Amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles show significant promise as a HEMA substitute in dental adhesives.
  • These nanoparticles offer improved stability, enhanced bonding, and reduced cytotoxicity.
  • Janus nanoparticles represent a potential advancement in dental restorative materials.