HYDRATION FOLDS IN RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT

To describe two cases of retinal detachment with hydration folds and discuss the possible cause of these outer retinal abnormalities.

The medical and imaging records of two patients with retinal detachment and hydration folds were examined.

A 43-year-old myopic woman who developed a retinal detachment secondary to a macular hole and a 35-year-old man referred with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment masquerading as an exudative detachment were each found to have retinal hydration folds.

On near-infrared reflectance imaging, the hydration folds appeared similar to eddy currents, and these corresponded to curvilinear outer retinal plications on optical coherence tomography. The photoreceptor outer segments appeared thickened and elongated, and there was apparent lateral expansion of the outer retinal layers.

Hydration folds are found in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and demonstrate reproducible imaging characteristics on near-infrared imaging and optical coherence tomography. The cause for such outer retinal plications is currently unknown. We suspect that they form as a result of hydration of the glycosaminoglycans in the interphotoreceptor matrix, which lies between the photoreceptors. Additional studies are warranted to explore this pathophysiology.