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The concept of a cell started with microscopic observations of dead cork tissue by Robert Hooke in 1665. Hooke coined the term "cell" based on the resemblance of the small subdivisions in the cork to the rooms that monks inhabited, called cells. About ten years later, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek became the first person to observe the living and moving cells under a microscope. In the century that followed, the theory that cells represented the basic unit of life developed.
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Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice
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Diverse exocytic pathways for mast cell mediators.

Hao Xu1, Na-Ryum Bin2,3, Shuzo Sugita2,3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, U.S.A. hao.xu@usm.edu.

Biochemical Society Transactions
|February 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mast cells release mediators via diverse exocytic pathways. Understanding these distinct pathways can reveal new drug targets for treating mast cell-related diseases like allergies and asthma.

Keywords:
Munc18SNARE proteinsdegranulationexocytosismast cellmembrane fusion

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Mast cells are crucial in immunity but implicated in diseases like allergy and cardiovascular conditions.
  • They release mediators (proteases, amines, cytokines) through regulated exocytosis/secretion, often stored in granules.
  • Current treatments like mast cell stabilizers target degranulation but may lack specificity due to diverse mediator release mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing evidence on diverse exocytic pathways in mast cells.
  • To discuss strategies for delineating these distinct pathways.
  • To identify novel molecular targets for specific mast cell disease treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific evidence on mast cell exocytosis.
  • Analysis of distinct mediator release mechanisms.
  • Discussion of potential therapeutic strategies targeting specific pathways.

Main Results:

  • Mast cells utilize multiple, overlapping yet distinct exocytic pathways for mediator release.
  • These pathways involve complex molecular machinery.
  • Existing stabilizers may not address all disease-relevant pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Diverse exocytic pathways in mast cells necessitate a nuanced therapeutic approach.
  • Identifying unique molecular components of these pathways offers opportunities for targeted drug development.
  • This could lead to more effective and specific treatments for mast cell-related diseases.