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Medicament contact allergy
Dermatosen in Beruf Und Umwelt. Occupation and Environment
|September 1, 1986
Summary
Contact allergy to medicaments affects 40% of observed allergies in Malmö, with an annual incidence of 43/100,000. Key allergens include ethylenediamine and phenylbutazone, often presenting as leg or anogenital dermatitis.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Allergology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Contact allergy to topical medicaments is a significant health concern.
- Previous studies have highlighted various allergens, but prospective investigations in urban populations are crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively investigate contact allergy to topically applied medicaments in an urban population.
- To identify common allergens and characterize the patient demographic and clinical presentation.
Main Methods:
- Prospective investigation over two years using patch testing.
- Patients were tested with suspected products, their ingredients, and standard allergens.
- Diagnosis of contact dermatitis to medicaments and standard allergens was performed.
Main Results:
- Contact dermatitis to specified medicaments was diagnosed in 40/408 patients (9.8%).
- Medicament contact allergy accounted for 40% of all observed allergies, with an annual incidence of 43/100,000.
- Leading allergens included ethylenediamine, phenylbutazone, myristyl alcohol, chlorocresol, and cincocaine.
- Patients with medicament allergy were older (mean age 57), predominantly male, and more likely to have lower leg and anogenital dermatitis.
- Secondary spread of dermatitis occurred in half of lower leg and anogenital cases.
Conclusions:
- Contact allergy to medicaments is a substantial component of allergic contact dermatitis in urban populations.
- Specific allergens and clinical patterns, such as older males with leg/anogenital dermatitis, characterize this condition.
- Further research into prevention and management strategies is warranted.