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Published on: April 25, 2020
Carbonic anhydrase activators
1Dipartimento Neurofarba, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.
Activators for mammalian carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are emerging as promising therapeutic agents. This review explores CA activation mechanisms and design strategies, highlighting potential in neurological conditions.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry and Pharmacology
- Enzyme kinetics and drug discovery
Background:
- Mammalian carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are crucial enzymes with 16 known isoforms, implicated in vital physiological processes.
- CA inhibitors are established therapeutics for various diseases, yet activators have been less explored until recently.
- Specific CAs abundant in the brain present novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current landscape of carbonic anhydrase activators.
- To discuss the mechanisms underlying CA activation.
- To explore drug design approaches for developing CA activators and compare isoform-specific activation profiles.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on carbonic anhydrase activation.
- Analysis of drug design strategies for CA activators.
- Comparative assessment of activation profiles across different CA isoforms.
Main Results:
- Recent studies demonstrate that brain-abundant CAs can be activated by drug-like compounds.
- This activation opens avenues for designing agents that enhance cognitive function.
- Various CA isoforms exhibit distinct activation sensitivities and profiles.
Conclusions:
- Carbonic anhydrase activators represent a promising area for pharmacological development.
- Targeted activation of CAs holds potential for treating aging, neurodegenerative diseases, and enhancing cognition.
- Further research into CA activators could also impact tissue engineering applications.
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