Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing

Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing

Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
Neuroticism and...

Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality

Psychodynamic Perspectives on Personality

The psychodynamic perspective in psychology asserts that most personality functions operate unconsciously, outside of awareness. This means that the motives and emotions driving behavior often remain hidden, automatically buried in the unconscious mind as a defense mechanism to shield us from psychological distress. According to this theory, the unconscious mind contains thoughts, memories, and emotions that are too disturbing to face directly.
Psychodynamic theorists argue that unconscious...

Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality

Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality

Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective

In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...

The Behavioral Perspective on Personality

The Behavioral Perspective on Personality

Behaviorists view personality as primarily shaped by environmental reinforcements and consequences. According to this perspective, behavior is influenced by external stimuli, and individuals adjust their actions based on rewards and punishments. Over time, learning histories — accumulated patterns of reinforcement — play a significant role in shaping personality. Behaviors that lead to positive outcomes are reinforced, while those resulting in negative outcomes are diminished.

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Altered systemic bioenergetic reserve in chronic kidney disease predisposes hearts to worse functional outcomes.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

A small switch in perspective: Comparing weight loss by nutrient balance versus caloric balance.

Biology of sport·2024

Same author

Correction: Ruchaya et al. Transplantation of Skeletal Muscle-Derived Sca-1<sup>+</sup>/PW1<sup>+</sup>/Pax7<sup>-</sup> Interstitial Cells (PICs) Improves Cardiac Function and Attenuates Remodeling in Mice Subjected to Myocardial Infarction. <i>Cells</i><b>2022</b>, <i>11</i>, 4050.

Cells·2024

Same author

Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 5 (TRPC5): Regulation of Heart Rate and Protection against Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy.

Biomolecules·2024

Same author

The impact of bias on developing healthy lifestyles, understanding if personal perspectives impact modeling and recommendations of diet and exercise by educators to their students.

Sport sciences for health·2023

Same author

Transplantation of Skeletal Muscle-Derived Sca-1<sup>+</sup>/PW1<sup>+</sup>/Pax7<sup>-</sup> Interstitial Cells (PICs) Improves Cardiac Function and Attenuates Remodeling in Mice Subjected to Myocardial Infarction.

Cells·2022

Same journal

Adversity as the key feature: neuroimaging profiles of subtypes from multiple depression risk factors.

Psychological medicine·2026

Same journal

Sorting the mind: cognitive enhancement through transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Psychological medicine·2026

Same journal

Depression and aging: insights from brain age prediction models.

Psychological medicine·2026

Same journal

An integrative NLP framework identifies multilevel linguistic phenotypes of schizophrenia across tasks.

Psychological medicine·2026

Same journal

Genetic heterogeneity affects the risk of incident depression, comorbidity, and response to environment: A prospective trajectory study.

Psychological medicine·2026

Same journal

DTI-ALPS and subcortical structural-functional coupling mediate the impact of sleep quality on working memory in insomnia disorder.

Psychological medicine·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Perspectives on Neuroscience

Perspectives on Neuroscience

Published on: July 31, 2007

What is mood? A computational perspective.

James E Clark¹, Stuart Watson¹, Karl J Friston²

¹Newcastle University,Newcastle Upon Tyne,UK.

Psychological Medicine

|February 27, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This review proposes that mood disorders arise from aberrant computational processes in the brain, specifically related to how the brain predicts sensory information and uncertainty.

More Related Videos

Assessing the Multiple Dimensions of Engagement to Characterize Learning: A Neurophysiological Perspective

Assessing the Multiple Dimensions of Engagement to Characterize Learning: A Neurophysiological Perspective

Published on: July 1, 2015

Author Spotlight: Computing the Effects of a Local Radiofrequency Hyperthermia Intervention on Tumor Biomechanics

Author Spotlight: Computing the Effects of a Local Radiofrequency Hyperthermia Intervention on Tumor Biomechanics

Published on: December 1, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 14, 2026

Perspectives on Neuroscience

Perspectives on Neuroscience

Published on: July 31, 2007

Assessing the Multiple Dimensions of Engagement to Characterize Learning: A Neurophysiological Perspective

Assessing the Multiple Dimensions of Engagement to Characterize Learning: A Neurophysiological Perspective

Published on: July 1, 2015

Author Spotlight: Computing the Effects of a Local Radiofrequency Hyperthermia Intervention on Tumor Biomechanics

Author Spotlight: Computing the Effects of a Local Radiofrequency Hyperthermia Intervention on Tumor Biomechanics

Published on: December 1, 2023

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Computational Psychiatry
Affective Science

Background:

Understanding the neurobiology of mood and mood disorders is challenging.
Existing research implicates various neuromodulator systems.
Current theories lack a unifying framework.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel computational framework for understanding mood and mood disorders.
To extend the free energy principle and Bayesian brain theories to mood regulation.
To explain mood disorders through a computational lens focusing on uncertainty.

Main Methods:

Review of existing theories on functional brain organization.
Application of the free energy principle (active inference) to mood.
Extension of hierarchical Bayesian models to interoceptive and proprioceptive domains.

Main Results:

Mood states can be formulated as hierarchical priors over uncertainty (emotions).
Aberrant precision weighting of sensory predictions may underlie mood disorders.
This framework reconciles research across multiple levels of inquiry.

Conclusions:

The free energy principle offers a parsimonious explanation for mood.
Mood disorders may stem from computational pathologies in processing interoceptive and proprioceptive information.
This approach provides a unified computational account of mood regulation and dysfunction.