Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 14, 2026

06:59
Fracture Apparatus Design and Protocol Optimization for Closed-stabilized Fractures in Rodents
Published on: August 14, 2018
14.1K
Primary Arthrodesis in Severely Comminuted Fractures.
Michael W Downey1, Ted C Lai2, Justin J Fleming3
1Trinity Foot & Ankle Specialists, 5801 Oakbend Trail #140, Fort Worth, TX 76132, USA.
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|February 28, 2018
Summary
Primary fusion effectively treats severe foot and ankle fractures, preventing posttraumatic arthritis and reducing complications. This approach offers predictable outcomes for comminuted lower extremity fractures.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Traumatology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Severely comminuted lower extremity fractures present treatment challenges.
- Anatomic reduction does not prevent posttraumatic arthritis development.
- Controversy exists regarding optimal management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate primary fusion as a treatment for comminuted foot and ankle fractures.
- To assess the efficacy in preventing posttraumatic arthritis.
- To compare outcomes with traditional reduction methods.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of patients with comminuted foot and ankle fractures.
- Comparison of primary fusion versus anatomic reduction techniques.
- Assessment of complication rates and need for revision.
Main Results:
- Primary fusion demonstrated successful and predictable outcomes.
- Posttraumatic arthritis development was eliminated in the fusion group.
- Complication rates and revision procedures were significantly decreased.
Conclusions:
- Primary fusion is a viable and effective treatment for comminuted foot and ankle fractures.
- This method mitigates the risk of posttraumatic arthritis.
- It reduces overall morbidity and healthcare costs associated with revisional surgeries.
Related Concept Videos
Fractures: Bone Repair
5.6K
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
5.6K
Primary Active Transport
201.0K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
201.0K
Primary Active Transport
14.5K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...
14.5K
Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots
60.7K
Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
60.7K
Primary Production
25.5K
The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
25.5K
Primary Distribution
556
Primary distribution systems deliver electrical power from substations to consumers through various voltage classes, with 15-kV class voltages being predominant among U.S. utilities. Older 2.5- and 5-kV classes are being replaced by 15-kV primaries, while higher 25- to 34.5-kV classes are used in high-density urban areas and rural regions with long feeders. Three-phase, four-wire multigrounded systems are widely employed for balanced power delivery, using the neutral wire as a grounding point.
556

