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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Calcification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Imaging of Aortic Calcification and Inflammation
Published on: May 31, 2016
Identification of Adult Mesodermal Progenitor Cells and Hierarchy in Atherosclerotic Vascular Calcification
Hyun-Jai Cho1, Jin-Woo Lee2,3, Hyun-Ju Cho2,3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract:
The nature of calcifying progenitor cells remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the developmental hierarchy and dynamics of progenitor cells. In vitro and in vivo reconstitution assays demonstrated that Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells in the bone marrow (BM) are the ancestors of Sca-1+/PDGFRα+ cells. Cells of CD29 + Sca-1+/PDGFRα- lineage in the BM showed both hematopoietic potential with osteoclastic differentiation ability as well as mesenchymal stem cell-like properties with osteoblastic differentiation potential. Clonally-isolated BM-derived artery-infiltrated Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells maintained osteoblastic/osteoclastic bipotency but lost hematopoietic activity. In hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein-E-deficient (Apoe-/-) mice, the mobilization from BM to peripheral circulation, followed by migration into atherosclerotic plaques of Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells, but not Sca-1+/PDGFRα+ cells, were significantly decreased, and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Interleukin-5 (IL-5) mediated this response. Here, we demonstrated that Sca-1+/PDGFRα- cells are mesodermal progenitor cells in adults, and the dynamics of progenitor cells were regulated by atherosclerosis-related humoral factors. These results may contribute to better understanding of vascular homeostasis and assist in the development of novel therapies for atherosclerosis. Stem Cells 2018;36:1075-1096.
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