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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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A frequency is the number of times a value of the data occurs. The sum of all the frequency values represents the total number of students included in the sample. It is commonly used to group data of quantitative types. Frequency distributions can be displayed in a table, histogram, line graph, dot plot, or pie chart, just to name a few. A histogram is a graphical representation of tabulated frequencies, shown as adjacent rectangles, erected over discrete intervals (bins), with an area equal to...
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Frequency multiplexing for quasi-deterministic heralded single-photon sources.

Chaitali Joshi1,2, Alessandro Farsi1, Stéphane Clemmen3

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Frequency multiplexing enables near-deterministic single-photon sources for quantum networks. This method overcomes scaling limitations of previous techniques, offering a promising path for integrated photonic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Integrated photonics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Parametric single-photon sources are key for quantum networks due to integration potential.
  • Probabilistic nature of sources limits scalability; active multiplexing offers a solution.
  • Existing spatial and temporal multiplexing methods suffer from increasing switching losses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To overcome the scaling limitations of photon source multiplexing.
  • To demonstrate a novel frequency multiplexing approach for near-deterministic photon generation.
  • To achieve high single-photon purity and generation rates for quantum network applications.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented frequency multiplexing with low-noise optical frequency conversion.
  • Demonstrated multiplexing of three distinct photon modes.
  • Developed a scalable, all-fiber multiplexing system.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a generation rate of 4.6 × 10^4 photons per second.
  • Obtained ultra-low second-order photon correlation (g(2)(0) = 0.07), indicating high single-photon purity.
  • Demonstrated fixed switching losses irrespective of the number of multiplexed modes, with a total system loss of 1.3 dB.

Conclusions:

  • Frequency multiplexing provides a scalable solution to enhance probabilistic single-photon sources.
  • The developed system offers a promising route towards deterministic photon sources on integrated platforms.
  • This advancement is crucial for building large-scale quantum networks and photonic quantum technologies.