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Predictive validity of developmental screening in young children with sickle cell disease: a longitudinal follow-up

Jeffrey Schatz1, Alyssa M Schlenz2, Kelsey E Smith1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.

Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology
|March 1, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Developmental screenings in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) predict academic performance and stroke risk. Early detection of language or cognitive delays can identify children facing school difficulties and increased cerebrovascular complications.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects neurodevelopment and increases stroke risk.
  • Early identification of developmental delays is crucial for timely intervention.
  • Predictive validity of developmental screenings in SCD populations needs further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictive accuracy of developmental screenings for academic outcomes in children with SCD.
  • To assess the association between developmental screenings and stroke risk in pediatric SCD patients.
  • To determine if early developmental assessments can forecast long-term academic and health trajectories.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of toddlers and early school-age children with SCD underwent developmental screenings.
  • Parent questionnaires and medical records were utilized to collect data on functioning, academic performance, and SCD morbidity.
  • Screening outcomes were categorized as positive or negative, and follow-up data were collected over an average of 8.5 years.

Main Results:

  • Positive language screenings in toddlers predicted lower academic performance.
  • In older children, positive cognitive screenings correlated with increased academic/attentional problems, grade retention, and lower academic performance.
  • Positive developmental screenings were linked to earlier school difficulties, reduced quality of life, and elevated stroke risk.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental screenings for language and cognitive delays in children with SCD are predictive of academic outcomes.
  • These screenings may serve as an early indicator for potential cerebrovascular complications.
  • Integrating developmental screening into routine care for children with SCD can inform interventions and risk stratification.
Abstract

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