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Preparation of Silica Nanoparticles Through Microwave-assisted Acid-catalysis
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Radiolabeling Silica-Based Nanoparticles via Coordination Chemistry: Basic Principles, Strategies, and Applications
Dalong Ni1, Dawei Jiang1,2, Emily B Ehlerding1
1Departments of Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Materials Science & Engineering, and Pharmaceutical Sciences (Drug Delivery Core) , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States.
Accounts of Chemical Research
|March 1, 2018
Summary
Radiolabeled silica-based nanoparticles (SiNPs) show promise for cancer theranostics, enabling sensitive positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for tracking distribution and tumor targeting. Ongoing clinical trials highlight their potential in patient stratification and cancer management.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology and Materials Science
- Radiochemistry and Nuclear Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging
Background:
- Silica-based nanoparticles (SiNPs) are highly biocompatible and well-tolerated inorganic nanomaterials extensively studied for biomedical applications.
- Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of radiolabeled SiNPs offers sensitive, noninvasive, and quantitative assessment of biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and tumor targeting in vivo.
- The Investigational New Drug (IND) approval of 124I-labeled ultrasmall SiNPs (Cornell dots) for melanoma PET imaging has spurred further development in radiolabeled SiNPs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of recent advancements in the development of radiolabeled SiNPs for cancer theranostics.
- To elucidate the principles and mechanisms of SiNP radiolabeling via coordination chemistry, including radioisotope selection, nanoplatform engineering, and chelation strategies.
- To highlight the biomedical applications and clinical translation potential of radiolabeled SiNPs in cancer research and management.
Main Methods:
- Review of coordination chemistry principles for radiolabeling SiNPs, including chelator-free and chelator-based strategies.
- Discussion on engineering various silica nanostructures (dSiO2, MSN, bMSN, HMSN) for optimal radiolabeling efficiency and in vivo stability.
- Analysis of radioisotope selection (e.g., 64Cu, 89Zr, 18F, 68Ga, 124I) based on SiNP properties and medical imaging requirements.
Main Results:
- Successful radiolabeling of diverse SiNP nanostructures using various radioisotopes and coordination chemistry approaches.
- Demonstration of radiolabeled SiNPs in molecular imaging for lesion detection, PET-guided drug delivery, and development of theranostic agents.
- Evidence of clinical studies and ongoing trials showcasing the feasibility and potential of radiolabeled SiNPs in cancer patient management.
Conclusions:
- Radiolabeled SiNPs offer a versatile platform for advanced cancer theranostics, integrating sensitive PET imaging with therapeutic applications.
- Optimizing radiolabeling strategies and nanoplatform design is crucial for achieving high labeling efficiency and in vivo stability, essential for accurate PET imaging.
- Radiolabeled SiNPs hold significant promise for future clinical translation, enabling personalized patient stratification and improved cancer management.
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